--- title: "Railgun Being Fired By U.S. Navy Again After Abandoning It For Years" description: "The Trump class \"battleship\" has breathed new life into the Navy's railgun ambitions, which it previously shelved after hitting technical hurdles." date: "2026-03-12" modified: "2026-03-12" authors: - name: "Joseph Trevithick" job_title: "Deputy Editor" link: "https://www.twz.com/authors/joseph-trevithick.md" url: "https://www.twz.com/sea/navy-is-firing-its-railgun-again-after-abandoning-it-for-years" categories: - "Naval Gun Systems" - "Navies" - "News & Features" - "Sea" - "U.S. Navy" tags: - "Sea Air Space 2026" --- # Railgun Being Fired By U.S. Navy Again After Abandoning It For Years ![The U.S. Navy has conducted at least one new round of live-fire tests of its prototype electromagnetic railgun at the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) in New Mexico.]() *USN* The U.S. Navy has conducted at least one new round of live-fire tests of its prototype electromagnetic railgun at the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) in New Mexico. The service had [shelved its railgun effort in the early 2020s](), at least publicly, after work that had shown promise [ran into technical hurdles](). A railgun is now set to be a key feature on [the future *Trump* class "battleships."]() A brief mention of the new railgun testing is included in [a document highlighting achievements]() by the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Port Hueneme Division (NSWC PHD) in 2025. NSWC PHD, which is part of Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA), primarily operates from Port Hueneme in California, but it also maintains a detachment at White Sands. The U.S. Army manages [the WSMR](), which other branches of the U.S. military also use for a wide variety of research and development and test and evaluation activities. The "WSD \[White Sands Detachment\] tested a railgun to collect critical information about high-velocity firing during a three-day campaign at White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) in New Mexico," the year-in-review document says. "The testing in February \[2025\] was a joint effort between WSD and NSWC Dahlgren Division in Virginia and conducted for Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA)’s Joint Hypersonics Transition Office." ![]() *A picture showing the prototype railgun being fired at WSMR, which was included in the NSWC PHD's 2025 year-in-review document. *USN** The railgun had originally been installed [at a land-based test site]() belonging to NSWC Dahlgren in Virginia. The Navy announced in 2019 that it had [moved the weapon to the WSMR](). Plans to conduct at-sea testing of the weapon were repeatedly delayed and never materialized. *TWZ* has reached out to NAVSEA for more information about the three-day test campaign last year and its objectives, and to ask whether any other live-fire testing of the prototype railgun at WSMR has occurred since 2021. That year, the Navy [had announced its intention]() to close out work on the railgun and effectively put what was left of the program into storage. “Railgun hardware will be realigned to maximize its sustainability to facilitate potential future use," the Navy had said at the time. However, there do not appear to have been any disclosures of further testing of the weapon before now. ***The video below shows the prototype railgun being fired at the test site in Virginia in 2016.*** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pi-BDIu_umo Without more information, it is hard to say what the purpose of the February 2025 tests may have been. That the testing was done in support of the Joint Hypersonics Transition Office (JHTO) could point to the railgun having been used for work unrelated to the weapon itself. Established in 2020, the [JHTO is broadly tasked]() to facilitate the development of new hypersonic technologies and help transition that work into formats that could lead to operational capabilities. As a pure test asset, the railgun might offer an additional way to launch suitably sized payloads at extremely high speeds, but [there are other ways available]() to [do that kind of work](), and it is not clear that using the weapon in this way makes sense. The U.S. military [has been working to expand]() various [aspects of its hypersonic test infrastructure](), in general, in recent years [amid a surge]() in [new development efforts]() in [that space](). At the same time, as noted, the *Trump* class "battleship" effort, also known as BBG(X), has also now breathed new life into the prospect of an operational U.S. naval railgun. President Donald Trump rolled out plans for new large surface combatants, which are expected to displace around 35,000 tons and also be armed with a mix of missiles ([including hypersonic types]()), traditional [5-inch guns](), and [laser directed energy weapons](), as you can read more about [here](). ![]() *A rendering depicting a *Trump* class "battleship" firing various weapons, including a rail in a turret at the bow. *USN** Whether the Navy has any plans to pick up where it left off with the railgun prototype currently at WSMR, which was developed by BAE Systems, or pursue a new design, is unclear. General Atomics, which has [done railgun development work for the U.S. Army]() in the past, [has expressed interest in being involved]() in helping arm the *Trump* class warships. Construction of the lead ship in the *Trump* class, to be named USS *Defiant*, is [not expected to begin until the early 2030s](). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e0ZabYkgrQs Railguns, which use electromagnets rather than chemical propellants to fire their projectiles at very high velocities, have historically presented significant technological challenges. They have significant power and cooling requirements, especially if the intent is to be able to [fire multiple shots in relatively rapid succession](). This, in turn, has generally meant that railgun installations are physically bulky due to the need for large energy storage batteries and cooling systems. Firing projectiles at very high speeds at any kind of sustained rate also imparts significant wear on the barrel. A worn-out barrel reduces range and accuracy, and creates potential safety hazards. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2QqOvFMG_A At the same time, a practical operational electromagnetic railgun offers the promise of a very capable and flexible weapon that can be employed against a wide variety of targets at sea, on land, and even in the air, and do so at considerable range. This includes being able to intercept incoming threats, including ones that may themselves be moving at hypersonic speeds. A railgun also offers magazine depth and cost benefits compared to traditional surface-to-air and surface-to-surface missiles, given the [smaller size and unit price of its rounds](). ![]() *A U.S. Navy briefing slide from the service’s abortive railgun program showing how ships armed with the weapons (as well as conventional guns firing the same ammunition) could potentially engage a wide variety of aerial threats, including cruise missiles, as well as surface targets. *USN** As an aside, just in the past year, Japan has [announced significant progress]() with its naval railgun program, including the first known instance of a railgun mounted on a ship [being fired at sea at a real target vessel](). In 2024, it was reported that Japanese authorities had met with U.S. Navy representatives to discuss leveraging the latter's previous railgun work, which [raised the possibility]() of further collaboration in the future. Japan's Acquisition Technology & Logistics Agency (ALTA) also [has a formal agreement with]() the Franco-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis (ISL) to cooperate on the development of railgun-related technologies. ![]() *A composite image showing, at top left, a Japanese prototype railgun mounted on a test ship being fired during at-sea testing last year, as well as damage to the target vessel. *ATLA** ***The ATLA video below shows previous live-fire testing of a prototype railgun at a facility on land.*** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKEaXWQ72-o&t=1s Other countries have also been pursuing railguns, particularly for naval use. A [prototype railgun mounted in a large turret]() notably appeared on [a People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) ship]() in 2018, though the exact status of that program is now unclear. There has also been a very public [naval railgun development program]() underway [in Turkey in recent years](). ![]() *The Chinese naval railgun that emerged in 2018. *Chinese internet** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EC0d1h4q_a0 If nothing else, the test firing of the Navy's prototype railgun at the WSMR last year shows that it remains functional, at least to a degree, as the service now looks ahead to fielding an operational weapon of this type on the *Trump* class. *Special thanks to user [@lfx160219]() on X for bringing the railgun entry in the NSWC PHD 2025-year-in-review document to our attention.* *Contact the author: joe@twz.com* ## Author Joseph is *TWZ’s* Deputy Editor, helping to oversee the site’s highly experienced and dedicated team, while also writing informative and impactful defense and national security content. He lives right in the thick of it in the Washington, D.C. area. ### Author social links [Twitter]() [Bluesky]()